新冠疫情促使非洲网购加速发展
相比中国和许多其他国家，非洲的电商平台起步晚，发展落后。今天小编给大家带来了新冠疫情促使非洲网购加速发展，希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
新冠疫情促使非洲网购加速发展
The pandemic could be a turning point for online shopping in Africa
Covid-19 has brought untold hardship to Africa, but lockdowns are also driving a move to online shopping in a continent where it has been slow to take off.
新冠疫情给非洲带去了数不清的苦难，但是封锁也推动了起步较晚的网购在非洲大陆上的发展。
untold [ˌʌnˈtoʊld]: adj. 数不清的;无限的
The whole of Africa had only around 21 million online shoppers in 2017 — about the same number as Spain. That's less than 2% of the world's total, according to the latest UN data.
根据联合国最新的数据，2017年整个非洲只有大约2100万网购者，相当于西班牙的网购人数，还不到世界网购总人数的2%。
Covid-19 had infected more than 260,000 people in Africa, as of June 18, and lockdown restrictions have forced many open-air markets and retailers to shut, with consumers being told to stay at home. In response, digital entrepreneurs across the continent have launched new services for ordering and delivering supplies.
截至6月18日，新冠病毒已经感染了非洲超26万人，封锁限制措施迫使很多露天市场和零售店关门，消费者被告知待在家里。对此非洲各地的电商推出了订购和送货的新服务。
"E-commerce has been a turnkey solution," Torbjörn Fredriksson, head of e-commerce and digital economy at the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), tells CNN Business. It has enabled "supply chains to continue to function and to get food from farms to tables," he adds.
联合国贸易与发展会议电子商务和数字经济处处长托本·弗莱德瑞克逊告诉美国有线电视新闻网商业频道说：“电子商务是解决问题的一把钥匙。”他补充道，电子商务让“供应链继续运转，把食物从农民那里运送到餐桌上。”
网店的兴起
Farmcrowdy began life in 2016 as a digital platform providing small farmers across Nigeria with access to finance and support. But in April, it launched Farmcrowdy Foods, an online store where people can buy fresh food from farmers.
数字化平台Farmcrowdy于2016年创立，向尼日利亚各地的小农户提供资金和支持。但是在今年四月，该平台推出了网店Farmcrowdy Foods，人们可以通过这家网店从农民那里买到新鲜食物。
Kenneth Obiajulu, the company's managing director, told CNN Business that it started developing the marketplace model in 2019, but decided to fast track the launch as Nigeria's lockdown made it difficult for farmers to sell produce.
该公司的总经理肯尼斯·欧比亚由路告诉美国有线电视新闻网商业频道称，该公司从2019年开始开发市场模式，但是在尼日利亚的封锁措施使得农民难以卖掉农产品后决定快速推进这一模式。
Through the food platform, Farmcrowdy collects produce from its network of more than 25,000 farmers situated in the rural north of the country, before transporting it to storage facilities in the south, near Lagos, where there is most demand.
通过他们的食品平台，Farmcrowdy从尼日利亚北部乡村的2.5万多名农民那里收购农产品，然后将其运送到需求量最大的拉各斯附近的南部地区仓库。
"We list all the produce that we have sourced directly from the farmers. Then individuals can order it and get it delivered to their homes," says Obiajulu. Since launching, during what it describes as a pilot phase with limited marketing, it has received more than 2,000 orders via its hotline, WhatsApp and mobile app.
欧比亚由路说：“我们在平台上列出了所有直接从农民那里收购的农产品。然后个体消费者就可以订购，让我们送货上门。”自从推出该平台以来，在所谓的有限营销的试运行阶段，已经通过热线电话、WhatsApp应用和其他手机应用接收到了2000多张订单。
Nigerian startup Flutterwave, which began as a digital payments company, also launched an online marketplace in April, where businesses can set up a storefront on the platform and list and sell their goods. The service is now available in 15 African countries.
尼日利亚的初创企业Flutterwave在创立初期是一家电子支付公司，在今年四月也推出了网上商城，企业可以在该平台上建立网店，展示并销售自己的商品。目前该服务面向15个非洲国家开放。
Olugbenga Agboola, the company's founder, told CNN Business in May that the online store was created as a lifeline for small companies that have been closed during lockdowns, and that more than 1,000 businesses had signed up to sell products.
该公司的创始人欧路格本噶·阿哥布拉五月份告诉美国有线电视新闻网商业频道说，网店是许多在封锁期间关门的小公司的一条生命线，目前已有超1000家企业在该平台注册了网店销售产品。
Jumia, one of the continent's largest e-commerce operators, reported a four-fold increase in sales of groceries in the second-half of March, compared with the same period last year — although its food delivery service was impacted by restaurants shutting down.
非洲大陆最大的电子商务运营商之一Jumia报告称三月下半月的百货销量同比增长了四倍——不过其送餐服务受到了餐厅关门的影响。
A worker of the Jumia warehouse walks between shelves in Lagos, Nigeria January 20, 2020. Picture taken January 20, 2020. REUTERS/Temilade Adelaja
消费习惯的改变
Starting from a low base, e-commerce in Africa was on the rise before the pandemic. According to UNCTAD, the number of online shoppers on the continent has grown by 21% annually since 2014, higher than the world's average growth rate of 12%. The launch of new platforms in response to Covid-19 has accelerated this growth, says Fredriksson.
尽管起步较低，但非洲的电子商务在疫情暴发前就呈上升的发展趋势。根据联合国贸易与发展会议的数据，自2014年以来，非洲大陆网购人数每年平均增长21%，高于世界平均增长率12%。弗莱德瑞克逊表示，因疫情而兴起的新平台加速了网购的增长。
A recent study from market research firm Nielsen found that around 30% of online consumers in Nigeria, South Africa and Kenya shopped more online during the lockdown period.
市场调研公司尼尔森的一项新研究发现，尼日利亚、南非和肯尼亚约有30%的网购消费者在封锁期间消费量增加了。
Packages set for delivery are seen at the Jumia warehouse in Lagos, Nigeria January 20, 2020. Picture taken January 20, 2020. REUTERS/Temilade Adelaja
But Fredriksson warns that it won't all be plain sailing. "The shift to online platforms and services is far from automatic in Africa," he says, adding that many countries lag in terms of broadband access, transport and infrastructure.
但是弗莱德瑞克逊警告称，网购的发展不会一帆风顺。他说：“向网上平台和服务的转变不会在非洲自动完成。”他补充道，许多非洲国家在宽带覆盖率、交通和基础设施方面都很落后。
The biggest hurdle is gaining consumer trust, says Obiajulu. But the pandemic could be the turning point.
欧比亚由路说，最大的障碍就是获取消费者的信任。但是大流行病可能是转折点。
"Individuals won't be buying the same way as they used to before," he says. "People are becoming comfortable with the fact that they don't need to step into the market to get what they need to eat. We are positioning ourselves for that new normal."
“个体消费者不会再像过去那样购物，”他说，“人们正逐渐接受一个事实：他们无需走进市场也能获得他们需要的食物。我们正在适应这个新常态。”
疫情反弹 美国连续两天单日新增确诊病例超3万
US reports more than 30,000 coronavirus cases two days straight, the highest number since May 1
highest daily totals since May 1, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.
根据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学统计的数据，上周五和周六(6月19日和20日)，美国新增新冠疫情确诊病例均超过3万例，创下了5月1日以来的单日新增病例最高纪录。
New cases are rising in states across the South, West and Midwest. Seven states hit record cases on Saturday, including Florida and South Carolina, which had their third consecutive day breaking single-day records.
美国南部、西部和中西部各州新增确诊病例不断增加。包括佛罗里达州和南卡罗来纳州在内的7个州在6月20日创下了新的新增病例纪录，这是这几个州连续第三天打破单日新增病例纪录。
Florida reported 4,049 new cases on Saturday and South Carolina reported 1,157 new cases. Missouri and Nevada also hit records, reporting 389 cases and 445 cases. Montana, Utah and Arizona also hit records.
6月20日，佛罗里达州报告新增确诊病例4049例，南卡罗来纳州报告新增确诊病例1157例。密苏里州和内华达州新增确诊病例数量也创下了纪录，分别报告了389例和445例。蒙大拿州、犹他州和亚利桑那州新增确诊病例也创下了纪录。
Twenty-three states, Guam and the US Virgin Islands have seen an increase in coronavirus cases over the past two weeks, according to NBC News. Six states have seen new cases plateau during that same period. Twenty states, Washington D.C. and Puerto Rico have seen coronavirus cases decrease over the past 14 days.
据美国全国广播公司新闻频道报道，过去两周，美国23个州、关岛和美属维尔京群岛的新冠疫情新增确诊病例有所增加。在同一时期，有六个州的新增病例数量与之前持平，美国20个州、华盛顿特区和美属波多黎各的新增确诊病例数量有所减少。
Officials are warning that some clusters of infections are apparent among younger people who are crowding bars and parties.
官员们警告说，聚在一起泡酒吧和开派对的年轻人中聚集性感染很明显。
The resurgence of the virus across the US comes as states re-open economies after months of lockdowns and people return to normal activities, some of whom do not follow social distancing guidelines and do not wear masks to curb the spread of the virus.
随着美国各州在数月的封锁后重新开放经济，人们恢复正常活动，其中一些人不遵守社交距离规定，也不戴口罩来遏制病毒的传播，使得美国各地疫情出现反弹。
US President Donald Trump speaks at a campaign rally in Charlotte, North Carolina, US, March 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]New daily cases in the US appeared to be going down throughout May into early June, but ticked up when states re-opened.
从5月到6月初，美国每日新增确诊病例呈下降趋势，但在各州重新开放后又有所回升。
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention forecasts between 129,000 and 145,000 total reported Covid-19 deaths by July 11. Since the start of the outbreak, more than 2.2 million people in the US have been infected with the coronavirus and at least 119,949 people have died.
美国疾病控制与预防中心预测称，截至7月11日，美国新冠疫情死亡人数将在12.9万至14.5万之间。自疫情暴发以来，美国已有超过220万人感染新冠病毒，至少11万9949人死亡。
The CDC also expanded its list of states where coronavirus related deaths are expected to accelerate over the next four weeks compared with the past four weeks, which includes Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Hawaii, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina and Utah.
美国疾病控制与预防中心预计，未来四周新冠疫情死亡人数增加的州范围将扩大至阿拉斯加州、亚利桑那州、阿肯色州、夏威夷州、北卡罗来纳州、俄勒冈州、南卡罗来纳州和犹他州。
In Tulsa, Oklahoma, people gathered for President Donald Trump’s rally Saturday evening, as the state experiences a continued increase in cases. Pictures show many attendees without face masks, which are not required at the rally. Attendance was lower than expected.
在俄克拉荷马州的塔尔萨，人们在6月20日晚上聚集在一起参加特朗普总统的竞选集会，该州的确诊病例持续增加。从现场照片中可以看出，许多与会者没有戴口罩，而在集会上并不要求戴口罩。参加集会的人数低于预期。
Six members of Trump’s team who were working on the Tulsa rally tested positive for the coronavirus, according to a statement from the president’s campaign.
根据特朗普竞选团队的一份声明，参加塔尔萨集会的六名团队成员新冠病毒检测呈阳性。
There are no FDA-approved drugs to treat the coronavirus. The National Institutes of Health said on Saturday that it halted a clinical trial of malaria drug hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19 patients, saying it had no benefits.
美国食品药品监督管理局尚未批准任何治疗新冠疫情的药物。上周六(6月20日)，美国国家卫生研究院表示，已停止抗疟药物羟氯喹用于治疗新冠疫情患者的临床试验，称其没有任何疗效。
【美国疫情最新数据】
据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学实时数据显示，截至北京时间6月22日7时30分，美国新冠疫情确诊病例达227万5319例，死亡病例达11万9949例。
厕纸终于不用抢了 但是美国的硬币却告急了
The latest pandemic shortage: Coins are the new toilet paper
Just as supplies of toilet paper are finally getting back to normal, the coronavirus has triggered another shortage of something we typically take for granted: pocket change.
就在卫生纸供应总算恢复正常时，新冠疫情却引发了另一种我们想当然的东西短缺：零钱。
Banks around the US are running low on nickels, dimes, quarters and even pennies. And the Federal Reserve, which supplies banks, has been forced to ration scarce supplies.
美国各地银行的五分硬币、十分硬币、两角五分硬币甚至还有一分硬币都出现短缺。给银行供应货币的美联储被迫限额配给稀缺硬币。
"It was just a surprise," said Gay Dempsey, who runs the Bank of Lincoln County in Tennessee, when she learned of the rationing order. "Nobody was expecting it."
美国田纳西州林肯县银行的行长盖伊·邓普赛听说配额令后表示：“真是让人惊讶。没有人料到会这样。”
Dempsey's bank typically dispenses 400 to 500 rolls of pennies each week. Under the rationing order, her allotment was cut down to just 100 rolls, with similar cutbacks in nickels, dimes and quarters.
邓普赛的银行通常每周要发放400到500卷一分硬币。在配额令下，她分配到的一分硬币降到只有100卷，分配到的五分硬币、十分硬币和两角五分硬币也同样减少了。
That spells trouble for Dempsey's business customers, who need the coins to stock cash registers all around Lincoln County, Tenn.
这对邓普赛的企业客户来说意味着麻烦，这些企业客户需要硬币来装满田纳西州林肯县各地店铺的现金出纳机。
"You think about all your grocery stores and convenience stores and a lot of people that still operate with cash," Dempsey said. "They have to have that just to make change."
邓普赛说：“想想所有的杂货店和便利店，还有许多仍然用现金交易的人们。他们需要有硬币才能找钱。”
Rural banks in particular seem to be getting shortchanged, according to Colin Barrett, CEO of the Tennessee Bankers Association.
田纳西州银行家协会的首席执行官科林·巴瑞特说，乡村银行似乎尤其缺少零钱。
Rep. John Rose, R-Tenn., sounded the alarm last week during a hearing before the House Financial Services Committee.
上周田纳西州共和党参议员约翰·罗斯在众议院金融服务委员会的一次听证会上敲响了警钟。
"My fear is that customers who use these banks will react very poorly," Rose said. "And I know that we all don't want to wake up to headlines in the near future such as 'Banks Out of Money.' "
“我担心的是，这些银行的客户反应会很糟。我知道，大家都不想在不久的将来一早醒来，看到‘银行没钱了’这种头条新闻。”
The congressman warned that if businesses are unable to make exact change, they'll be forced to round up or round down, "in a time when pennies are the difference between profitability and loss."
这位参议员警告称，如果企业无法精确找零，他们将被迫四舍五入，“这可是一个零头能决定盈利还是亏损的时刻。”
Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell assured Rose that the central bank is monitoring the situation closely.
美联储主席杰罗米·鲍威尔向罗斯保证，他表示央行正密切监控这个局面。
"We're working with the mint to increase supply, and we're working with the reserve banks to get that supply where it needs to be," Powell said. "So we think it's a temporary situation."
“我们正在和造币厂合作增加供应，也在和联邦储备银行合作，向需要的地方供应硬币。所以我们认为这是个暂时的情况。”
The US Mint produced fewer coins than usual this spring in an effort to protect employees from infection. But the larger problem — as with many other pandemic shortages — is distribution.
为了保护员工不被病毒感染，美国造币厂今年春天生产的硬币比往常少。但是和疫情引发的许多其他短缺一样，发放才是更大的问题。
During the lockdown, many automatic coin-sorting machines that people typically use to cash in loose change were off-limits. And with many businesses closed, unused coins piled up in darkened cash drawers, in pants pockets and on nightstands, even as banks went begging.
在封锁期间，许多人们通常用来换零钱的硬币自动分类机被禁止使用。由于许多商店都关门了，大量闲置的硬币堆在黑暗的现金抽屉、裤子口袋和床头柜里，而银行却在四处讨要硬币。
nightstand[ˈnaɪtstænd]: n. 床头几，床头柜
"The flow of coins through the economy ... kind of stopped," Powell said.
鲍威尔说：“贯穿经济的硬币流通……几乎停止了。”
The Fed chairman stressed that this clog in the financial plumbing should clear quickly, now that businesses are reopening, and that supplies of coins should soon be back to normal.
鲍威尔强调，如今企业正在重新开放，堵住的金融管道应该迅速清理，硬币的供应应该迅速回归正常。
In the meantime, Dempsey, the banker, has secured an emergency stash of coins from some of her business customers who run vending machines and laundromats.
与此同时，银行行长邓普赛已经从一些经营自动售货机和自助洗衣店的企业客户那里获得了一笔硬币存货来应急。
While a growing number of people rely on credit cards or smartphone apps for many transactions today, the coin crunch is a reminder that sometimes you just need change.
尽管越来越多的人依赖信用卡或智能手机应用来交易，这次硬币告急提醒了人们，有时候你还是需要零钱。
"Cash is still king, I guess," Dempsey mused.
“现金仍然为王，我想，”邓普赛沉思着说。
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